{
  "document": {
    "aggregate_severity": {
      "text": "High"
    },
    "category": "csaf_vex",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "TuxCare License Agreement",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Cloud Linux Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
        "title": "Terms of Use"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "vendor",
      "contact_details": "https://tuxcare.com/contact/",
      "name": "TuxCare",
      "namespace": "https://tuxcare.com/"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "Canonical URL",
        "url": "https://security.tuxcare.com/csaf/v2/els_os/amazonlinux2els/vex/2026/cve-2026-4878-els_os-amazonlinux2els.json"
      }
    ],
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-05-07T16:37:22Z",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2026-05-07T16:37:22Z",
        "engine": {
          "name": "pyCSAF"
        }
      },
      "id": "CVE-2026-4878-ELS_OS-AMAZONLINUX2ELS",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-04-09T16:16:00Z",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2026-04-09T16:16:00Z",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initial version"
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-05-07T16:37:22Z",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Official Publication"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "title": "Security update on CVE-2026-4878"
  },
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      {
        "branches": [
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              {
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                  "name": "Amazon Linux 2",
                  "product_id": "Amazon-Linux-2",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
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            ],
            "category": "product_family",
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          },
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          },
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                }
              }
            ],
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          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Amazon Web Services, Inc."
      },
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
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          },
          {
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                }
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              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
                "product": {
                  "name": "libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
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                  "product_identification_helper": {
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                  }
                }
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                  "product_identification_helper": {
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                  }
                }
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            ],
            "category": "architecture",
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          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "TuxCare"
      }
    ],
    "relationships": [
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.i686 as a component of Amazon Linux 2",
          "product_id": "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.i686"
        },
        "product_reference": "libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.i686",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
      },
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          "product_id": "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64"
        },
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        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
      },
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          "product_id": "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
      },
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        "full_product_name": {
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        },
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        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
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        },
        "product_reference": "libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.i686",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64 as a component of Amazon Linux 2",
          "product_id": "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
      },
      {
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        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64 as a component of Amazon Linux 2",
          "product_id": "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
      },
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        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "libcap-devel-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64 as a component of Amazon Linux 2",
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        },
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        "relates_to_product_reference": "Amazon-Linux-2"
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    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-4878",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-367",
        "name": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product's status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.i686",
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-devel-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64"
        ],
        "known_affected": [
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.i686",
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-devel-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
          "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "Canonical URL",
          "url": "https://cve.tuxcare.com/els/cve/CVE-2026-4878"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12423",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12423"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12441",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:12441"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13285",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13285"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14162",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14162"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7473",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7473"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4878",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4878"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2447554",
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2447554"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2451615",
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2451615"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/14",
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/14"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/4",
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/4"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/08/9",
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/08/9"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/5",
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/5"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/6",
          "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/6"
        }
      ],
      "release_date": "2026-04-09T16:16:00Z",
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2026-05-07T16:36:44.060629Z",
          "details": "Details on how to apply the fix are available at: https://cve.tuxcare.com/els/releases/CLSA-2026:1778171800",
          "product_ids": [
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.i686",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-devel-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64"
          ],
          "url": "https://cve.tuxcare.com/els/releases/CLSA-2026:1778171800"
        },
        {
          "category": "none_available",
          "date": "2026-04-09T16:16:00Z",
          "details": "Affected",
          "product_ids": [
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.i686",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-devel-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.0,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.i686",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.i686",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-devel-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-devel-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.tuxcare.els1.x86_64",
            "Amazon-Linux-2:libcap-static-0:2.54-1.amzn2.0.3.x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "threats": [
        {
          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Important"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}